目录

一、系统环境

二、预安装软件

三、安装Oracle

四、登录数据库

Ubuntu 22.04上安装Oracle 11g Express Edition的过程，因为oracle没有提供Ubuntu系统deb格式安装包，我这里是转换得到文件。鉴于oralce官网不再提供oracle 11g xe的安装包下载，需要的朋友可以评论留下邮箱，我会在看到后回复给大家。

一、系统环境

操作系统：Ubuntu 22.04.4 LTS

数据库版本：Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

安装方式：deb安装包

二、预安装软件

1.先通过unzip命令解压

如果没有命令，请通过apt install unzip安装

<code>unzip oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm.zip

2.安装预先安装的包和依赖程序

sudo apt-get install alien libaio1 unixodbc

3.将RPM安装包转换成DEB格式

这里正常的rpm文件路径在DISK下面

cd ./oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm/Disk1/

sudo alien --scripts -d oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm

4.创建管理服务chkconfig的脚本

sudo vim /sbin/chkconfig

添加下面的内容并保存

#!/bin/bash

# Oracle 11gR2 XE installer chkconfig hack for Ubuntu

file=/etc/init.d/oracle-xe

if [[ ! `tail -n1 $file | grep INIT` ]]; then

echo >> $file

echo '### BEGIN INIT INFO' >> $file

echo '# Provides: OracleXE' >> $file

echo '# Required-Start: $remote_fs $syslog' >> $file

echo '# Required-Stop: $remote_fs $syslog' >> $file

echo '# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5' >> $file

echo '# Default-Stop: 0 1 6' >> $file

echo '# Short-Description: Oracle 11g Express Edition' >> $file

echo '### END INIT INFO' >> $file

fi

update-rc.d oracle-xe defaults 80 01

4.修改chkconfig文件权限

sudo chmod 755 /sbin/chkconfig

5.设置内核kernel参数

(这是oracle 11g R2 XE安装要求)

sudo vim /etc/sysctl.d/60-oracle.conf

添加下面的内容并保存

# Oracle 11g XE kernel parameters

fs.file-max=6815744

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=9000 65000

kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128

kernel.shmmax=536870912

使用下面命令通过加载内核餐宿

sudo service procps start

检查新的参数是否加载成功

sudo sysctl -q fs.file-max

6.设置/dev/shm挂载点

sudo vim /etc/rc2.d/S01shm_load

添加下面的内容并保存

#!/bin/sh

case "$1" in

start) mkdir /var/lock/subsys 2>/dev/null

touch /var/lock/subsys/listener

rm /dev/shm 2>/dev/null

mkdir /dev/shm 2>/dev/null

mount -t tmpfs shmfs -o size=2048m /dev/shm ;;

*) echo error

exit 1 ;;

esac

添加文件权限

sudo chmod 755 /etc/rc2.d/S01shm_load

9.重启服务器

reboot

三、安装Oracle

1.使用下面命令安装oracle

sudo dpkg --install oracle-xe_11.2.0-2_amd64.deb

2.使用下面命令开始配置oracle

sudo /etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure

 中途会询问你下面的问题

Specify the HTTP port that will be used for Oracle Application Express [8080]:

# 定义HTTP网站管理的端口，默认直接回车

Specify a port that will be used for the database listener [1521]:

# 定义数据库监听的端口，默认直接回车

Specify a password to be used for database accounts. Note that the same

password will be used for SYS and SYSTEM. Oracle recommends the use of

different passwords for each database account. This can be done after

initial configuration:

Confirm the password:

# 要求你设置系统账号SYS的SYSTEM的密码

Do you want Oracle Database 11g Express Edition to be started on boot (y/n) [y]:y

# 询问是否设置数据库开机启动启动，默认是开机启动，直接回车

正常安装成功的过程日志

root@oracle_01:/# sudo /etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure

Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Configuration

-------------------------------------------------

This will configure on-boot properties of Oracle Database 11g Express

Edition. The following questions will determine whether the database should

be starting upon system boot, the ports it will use, and the passwords that

will be used for database accounts. Press <Enter> to accept the defaults.

Ctrl-C will abort.

Specify the HTTP port that will be used for Oracle Application Express [8080]:

Specify a port that will be used for the database listener [1521]:

Specify a password to be used for database accounts. Note that the same

password will be used for SYS and SYSTEM. Oracle recommends the use of

different passwords for each database account. This can be done after

initial configuration:

Confirm the password:

Do you want Oracle Database 11g Express Edition to be started on boot (y/n) [y]:y

Starting Oracle Net Listener...Done

Configuring database...Done

Starting Oracle Database 11g Express Edition instance...Done

Installation completed successfully.

root@oracle_01:/

3.设置系统环境变量

sudo vim /etc/profile

在最末尾添加下面的内容并保存

# Oracle Settings

TMP=/tmp; export TMP

TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/xe; export ORACLE_HOME

ORACLE_SID=XE; export ORACLE_SID

ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM

PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH

TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

fi

使用下面命令刷新使其生效

sudo source /etc/profile

4.启动oracle服务

sudo systemctl start oracle-xe

5.查看oracle运行状态

sudo systemctl status oracle-xe

下面是正常运行的结果

root@oracle_01:/# sudo systemctl status oracle-xe

● oracle-xe.service - LSB: Oracle 11g Express Edition

Loaded: loaded (/etc/init.d/oracle-xe; generated)

Active: active (exited) since Sun 2024-04-28 16:02:02 CST; 27min ago

Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)

Process: 803 ExecStart=/etc/init.d/oracle-xe start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

CPU: 61ms

Apr 28 16:01:52 oracle_01 systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Oracle 11g Express Edition...

Apr 28 16:01:53 oracle_01 oracle-xe[803]: Starting Oracle Net Listener.

Apr 28 16:01:53 oracle_01 su[899]: (to oracle) root on none

Apr 28 16:01:53 oracle_01 su[899]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user oracle(uid=1002) by (uid=0)

Apr 28 16:01:55 oracle_01 oracle-xe[803]: Starting Oracle Database 11g Express Edition instance.

Apr 28 16:01:55 oracle_01 su[940]: (to oracle) root on none

Apr 28 16:01:55 oracle_01 su[940]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user oracle(uid=1002) by (uid=0)

Apr 28 16:02:02 oracle_01 systemd[1]: Started LSB: Oracle 11g Express Edition.

root@oracle_01:/#

四、登录数据库

1.使用下面命令用system账号登录

sqlplus system/123456Ab as sysdba;

2.登录后执行SQL语句查询数据库版本

select * from v$version;

下面是完整登录操作记录

root@oracle_01:/# sqlplus sys/123456Ab as sysdba;

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Sun Apr 28 15:59:18 2024

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.2.0 - Production

CORE11.2.0.2.0Production

TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production

NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

到此完结！