以stressapptest开源代码为例。stressapptest（简称SAT）是一种用于在Linux系统上测试系统稳定性和可靠性的工具，通过产生CPU、内存、磁盘等各种负载来测试系统的稳定性。

下载软件包的源代码：

git clone https://github.com/stressapptest/stressapptest.git

进入源代码的目录：

cd stressapptest

查看帮助文档：

./configure --help

输出

Configuration:

-h, --help display this help and exit

--help=short display options specific to this package

--help=recursive display the short help of all the included packages

-V, --version display version information and exit

-q, --quiet, --silent do not print `checking ...' messages

--cache-file=FILE cache test results in FILE [disabled]

-C, --config-cache alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'

-n, --no-create do not create output files

--srcdir=DIR find the sources in DIR [configure dir or `..']

Installation directories:

--prefix=PREFIX install architecture-independent files in PREFIX

[/usr/local]

--exec-prefix=EPREFIX install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX

[PREFIX]

By default, `make install' will install all the files in

`/usr/local/bin', `/usr/local/lib' etc. You can specify

an installation prefix other than `/usr/local' using `--prefix',

for instance `--prefix=$HOME'.

For better control, use the options below.

Fine tuning of the installation directories:

--bindir=DIR user executables [EPREFIX/bin]

--sbindir=DIR system admin executables [EPREFIX/sbin]

--libexecdir=DIR program executables [EPREFIX/libexec]

--sysconfdir=DIR read-only single-machine data [PREFIX/etc]

--sharedstatedir=DIR modifiable architecture-independent data [PREFIX/com]

--localstatedir=DIR modifiable single-machine data [PREFIX/var]

--runstatedir=DIR modifiable per-process data [LOCALSTATEDIR/run]

--libdir=DIR object code libraries [EPREFIX/lib]

--includedir=DIR C header files [PREFIX/include]

--oldincludedir=DIR C header files for non-gcc [/usr/include]

--datarootdir=DIR read-only arch.-independent data root [PREFIX/share]

--datadir=DIR read-only architecture-independent data [DATAROOTDIR]

--infodir=DIR info documentation [DATAROOTDIR/info]

--localedir=DIR locale-dependent data [DATAROOTDIR/locale]

--mandir=DIR man documentation [DATAROOTDIR/man]

--docdir=DIR documentation root [DATAROOTDIR/doc/stressapptest]

--htmldir=DIR html documentation [DOCDIR]

--dvidir=DIR dvi documentation [DOCDIR]

--pdfdir=DIR pdf documentation [DOCDIR]

--psdir=DIR ps documentation [DOCDIR]

Program names:

--program-prefix=PREFIX prepend PREFIX to installed program names

--program-suffix=SUFFIX append SUFFIX to installed program names

--program-transform-name=PROGRAM run sed PROGRAM on installed program names

System types:

--build=BUILD configure for building on BUILD [guessed]

--host=HOST cross-compile to build programs to run on HOST [BUILD]

Optional Features:

--disable-option-checking ignore unrecognized --enable/--with options

--disable-FEATURE do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-FEATURE=no)

--enable-FEATURE[=ARG] include FEATURE [ARG=yes]

--disable-dependency-tracking speeds up one-time build

--enable-dependency-tracking do not reject slow dependency extractors

--disable-default-optimizations

Disable default optimization flag overrides

--disable-largefile omit support for large files

Optional Packages:

--with-PACKAGE[=ARG] use PACKAGE [ARG=yes]

--without-PACKAGE do not use PACKAGE (same as --with-PACKAGE=no)

--with-static enable static linking

--with-cpu define host cpu

Some influential environment variables:

CXX C++ compiler command

CXXFLAGS C++ compiler flags

LDFLAGS linker flags, e.g. -L<lib dir> if you have libraries in a

nonstandard directory <lib dir>

LIBS libraries to pass to the linker, e.g. -l<library>

CPPFLAGS (Objective) C/C++ preprocessor flags, e.g. -I<include dir> if

you have headers in a nonstandard directory <include dir>

CC C compiler command

CFLAGS C compiler flags

CPP C preprocessor

运行configure命令来配置软件包（如果需要自定义编译选项可以根据上面help所列出的添加，这里使用默认的选项）：

./configure

使用make命令编译软件包：

make

（可选）运行软件包的测试套件（如果有提供）：

make test

使用root权限（或sudo）安装软件包到系统中：

sudo make install

如果想将软件包安装到自定义的目录，可以在运行configure时使用--prefix选项，并在make install时使用DESTDIR变量指定安装目录：

./configure --prefix=/custom/installation/path

make

sudo make install DESTDIR=/custom/installation/path

五、总结

configure命令允许指定软件包安装的路径，这非常重要。

configure命令会检查系统上是否存在所需的依赖项和库文件，并确保软件包在编译和运行时能够正确地链接到这些依赖项。

configure命令允许指定编译时的选项，例如编译器选项、调试标志等。

configure脚本在不同的操作系统和架构上提供了一致的界面，可移植性强。