目录

一、前言

二、正文

1.准备环境

2.开始下载

3.后续工作

三、总结

一、前言

        由于给客户提供的设备机不允许上网，那么所有待安装的软件包及依赖库都需要提前下载好，然后通过局域网传过去再安装。

        另外，软件包可能还依赖其他的库，库还依赖其他的库...，所以需要一步步耐心的查找并下载。

二、正文

        我这边需要安装的软件是用QT编写的一个代理程序，它所依赖Boost库和UUID库，以及JSON等库。

        由于当前Ubuntu系统中已经自带了UUID和JSON库，所以下面用Boost库进行演示。

1.准备环境

 查看一下下载源是否设置好了

到https://pkgs.org/ 网上查一下libboost都有哪些库

在系统合适的路径下新建一个文件夹，用于下载软件包

2.开始下载

        先切换到root用户，方便后面输入命令，否则总得输入sudo

        然后进入到新建的文件夹中，执行apt download <库名> 下载

        ok，第一个库文件已经下载好了，然后我们再通过apt-cache depends <库名>查询一下它所依赖的库

        它依赖libboost1.71-dev和libboost-atomic1.71.0，冲突先不管，如果有建议的库也记录下来。

        那下面我就继续下载那两个依赖的库

        剩下工作就是重复执行“查询依赖”和“下载库文件”的工作了，就不在此复述。

        我将所有依赖关系列表在下面列出，供大家参考：

<code>libboost-all-dev

Depends: libboost-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Suggests: libboost-doc

#Depends: libboost-tools-dev:armhf

Depends: libboost1.71-tools-dev:armhf

Depends: libboost-atomic-dev

Depends: libboost-atomic1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-atomic1.71.0

Depends: libboost-chrono-dev

Depends: libboost-chrono1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-chrono1.71.0

Depends: libc6

Depends: libgcc-s1

Depends: gcc-10-base

Depends: libc6

Depends: libstdc++6

Depends: libboost-container-dev

Depends: libboost-container1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-container1.71.0

Depends: libc6

Depends: libgcc-s1

Depends: libstdc++6

Depends: libboost-context-dev

Depends: libboost-context1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-thread1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-atomic1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-chrono1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-date-time1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-system1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-thread1.71.0

Depends: libboost-context1.71.0

Depends: libboost-coroutine-dev

Depends: libboost-coroutine1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-context1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-coroutine1.71.0

Depends: libboost-context1.71.0

Depends: libboost-thread1.71.0

Depends: libc6

Depends: libgcc-s1

Depends: libstdc++6

Depends: libboost-date-time-dev

Depends: libboost-date-time1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-date-time1.71.0

Depends: libboost-serialization1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-serialization1.71.0

Depends: libboost-exception-dev

Depends: libboost-exception1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-fiber-dev

Depends: libboost-fiber1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-context1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-filesystem1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-filesystem1.71.0

Depends: libboost-system1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-fiber1.71.0

Depends: libboost-filesystem-dev

Depends: libboost-filesystem1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-graph-dev

Depends: libboost-graph1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-graph1.71.0

Depends:libboost-regex1.71.0

Depends: libc6

Depends: libgcc-s1

Depends: libstdc++6

Suggests: graphviz

Depends: libboost-regex1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-serialization1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-test1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-graph-parallel-dev

Depends: libboost-graph-parallel1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-graph-parallel1.71.0

Depends: libboost-serialization1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-test1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-iostreams-dev

Depends: libboost-iostreams1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-regex1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-iostreams1.71.0

Depends: libboost-locale-dev

Depends: libboost-locale1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-thread1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-locale1.71.0

Depends: libboost-log-dev

Depends: libboost-log1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-log1.71.0

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-atomic1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-date-time1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-filesystem1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-system1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-regex1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-thread1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-math-dev

Depends: libboost-math1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-math1.71.0

Depends: libboost-mpi-dev

Depends: libboost-mpi1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-serialization1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-mpi1.71.0

Depends: mpi-default-dev

Suggests: libboost-graph1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-mpi-python-dev

Depends: libboost-mpi-python1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-mpi1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-mpi-python1.71.0

Depends: libboost-mpi1.71.0

Depends: libboost-python1.71.0

Depends: libboost-python1.71.0

Depends: libboost-serialization1.71.0

Depends: libc6

Depends: libgcc-s1

Depends: libopenmpi3

Depends: libstdc++6

Depends: python3

Depends: python3

Depends: mpi-default-bin

Depends: libboost-numpy-dev

Depends: libboost-numpy1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-numpy1.71.0

Depends: libboost-python1.71.0

Depends: libboost-python1.71.0

Depends: libc6

Depends: libgcc-s1

Depends: libstdc++6

Suggests: python3

Suggests: libboost1.71-doc

Depends: libboost-program-options-dev

Depends: libboost-program-options1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-program-options1.71.0

Depends: libboost-python-dev

Depends: libboost-python1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-python1.71.0

Depends: python3-dev

Suggests: libboost1.71-doc

Suggests: <gccxml>

Depends: libboost-random-dev

Depends: libboost-random1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-system1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-random1.71.0

Depends: libboost-regex-dev

Depends: libboost-regex1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-regex1.71.0

Depends: libicu-dev

Depends: libboost-serialization-dev

Depends: libboost-serialization1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-stacktrace-dev

Depends: libboost-stacktrace1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-stacktrace1.71.0

Depends: libboost-system-dev

Depends: libboost-system1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-system1.71.0

Depends: libboost-test-dev

Depends: libboost-test1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-test1.71.0

Depends: libboost-thread-dev

Depends: libboost-thread1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-atomic1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-chrono1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-date-time1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-system1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-thread1.71.0

Depends: libboost-timer-dev

Depends: libboost-timer1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-chrono1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-timer1.71.0

Depends: libboost-type-erasure-dev

Depends: libboost-type-erasure1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-system1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-thread1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-type-erasure1.71.0

Depends: libboost-wave-dev

Depends: libboost-wave1.71-dev

Depends: libboost1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-serialization1.71-dev

Depends: libboost-wave1.71.0

Depends: libboost-filesystem1.71-dev

3.后续工作

        当我们下载完所有需要的库文件和依赖库之后，我们可以把前面新建的文件夹进行压缩

        然后我们将压缩包拷贝出来，或者通过局域网传递给新设备机上，然后先解压

        进入到解压后的目录下，你可以看到之前下载好的库软件包。

        下面执行sudo dpkg -i *.deb 命令即可安装此目录下所有的软件包。

        注意：如果你之前下载完全的话，应该能正确安装；如果有错误提示，那么请根据提示返回原电脑（可以联网）继续下载软件包。

三、总结

        查找依赖和下载软件包的过程是比较考验耐心的，可能由于我是个初学者只能用这个“笨方法”。但为了工作需要，由不得不使用。

        当我把工作完成后才发现，确实window系统比较方便，哈哈哈~

        来日方长，继续努力吧！