实践环境

CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso

rabbitmq-server-3.9.16-1.el7.noarch.rpm

https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/releases/tag/v3.9.16

https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/releases/download/v3.9.16/rabbitmq-server-3.9.16-1.el7.noarch.rpm

备注：rabbitmq-server最后一个支持CentOS7的版本

erlang-23.3.4.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

https://github.com/rabbitmq/erlang-rpm/releases

https://github.com/rabbitmq/erlang-rpm/releases/download/v23.3.4.11/erlang-23.3.4.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

备注：Erlang最后一个支持Centos7的版本

实践操作

下载RabbitMQ及Erlang软件包

RabbitMQ是采用 Erlang语言开发的，所以系统环境必须提供 Erlang环境，需要是安装 Erlang。Erlang版本要和需要安装的RabbitMQ版本匹配，可通过网址https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/which-erlang 不同Erlang支持的RabbitMQ版本。

安装软件包

<code># rpm -ivh erlang-23.3.4.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

# rpm -ivh rabbitmq-server-3.9.16-1.el7.noarch.rpm

说明：参照官方文档，https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/install-rpm#package-dependencies 还需要安装依赖包：socat，logrotate，但是笔者实践时未安装这两个依赖包。

运行RabbitMQ

RabbitMQ服务器包安装完成后，默认情况下服务器不会作为守护进程启动。运行以下命令，设置当系统启动时，默认以管理员身份，以守护进程的方式启动RabbitMQ

# systemctl enable rabbitmq-server

Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rabbitmq-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/rabbitmq-server.service.

停、启服务器

# 启动服务

# systemctl start rabbitmq-server

# 查看服务状态

# systemctl status rabbitmq-server

● rabbitmq-server.service - RabbitMQ broker

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/rabbitmq-server.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)

Active: active (running) since Sat 2024-07-13 04:02:54 EDT; 12s ago

Main PID: 1237 (beam.smp)

CGroup: /system.slice/rabbitmq-server.service

├─1237 /usr/lib64/erlang/erts-11.2.2.10/bin/beam.smp -W w -MBas ageffcbf -MHas ageffcbf -MBlmbcs 512 -MHlmbcs 512 -MMmcs 30 -P 1048576 -t 5000000 -stbt db -zdbbl 128000 -sbwt none -sbwtdcpu none -sbwtdio none -...

├─1252 erl_child_setup 32768

├─1275 /usr/lib64/erlang/erts-11.2.2.10/bin/epmd -daemon

├─1296 inet_gethost 4

└─1297 inet_gethost 4

Jul 13 04:02:49 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[1237]: Doc guides: https://rabbitmq.com/documentation.html

Jul 13 04:02:49 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[1237]: Support: https://rabbitmq.com/contact.html

Jul 13 04:02:49 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[1237]: Tutorials: https://rabbitmq.com/getstarted.html

Jul 13 04:02:49 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[1237]: Monitoring: https://rabbitmq.com/monitoring.html

Jul 13 04:02:49 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[1237]: Logs: /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost.log

Jul 13 04:02:49 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[1237]: /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost_upgrade.log

Jul 13 04:02:49 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[1237]: <stdout>

Jul 13 04:02:49 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[1237]: Config file(s): (none)

Jul 13 04:02:54 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[1237]: Starting broker... completed with 0 plugins.

Jul 13 04:02:54 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started RabbitMQ broker.

# 停止服务

# systemctl stop rabbitmq-server

参考链接：https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/install-rpm#running-rpm

启用管理插件

# rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

Enabling plugins on node rabbit@localhost:

rabbitmq_management

The following plugins have been configured:

rabbitmq_management

rabbitmq_management_agent

rabbitmq_web_dispatch

Applying plugin configuration to rabbit@localhost...

Plugin configuration unchanged.

备注：开启插件后不需要重启服务器

开启后，浏览器访问管理界面(默认地址：http://node-hostname:15672/.)，如下，其中 192.167.206.101为RabbitMQ服务器地址

参考连接：https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/management#getting-started

配置文件管理

查找配置文件

<code># rabbitmq-diagnostics status

......

Config files

Log file(s)

* /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost.log

* /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost_upgrade.log

* <stdout>

......

如上，配置文件位于 Log file(s)上方，这里笔者实践时命令输出中没看到配置文件路径信息，按官方文档描述，应该Config files下应该会包含配置文件路径信息，类似如下

Config files

* /etc/rabbitmq/advanced.config

* /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf

参考连接：

https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/configure#configuration-files

https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/configure#verify-configuration-config-file-location

用户管理

默认用户访问

broker默认创建了一个用户名和密码都为guest的用户。默认情况下，该用户只能在以访问localhost的方式连接到broker，即不能远程访问。尝试远程访问服务器时会提示User can only log in via localhost。如果希望guest也可以远程登录，需要修改rabbitmq.conf 配置文件，文件末尾添加loopback_users = none

# vi /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf

loopback_users = none

# systemctl restart rabbitmq-server

参考连接：

https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/install-rpm#default-user-access

https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/access-control#user-management

添加用户

# rabbitmqctl add_user "testacc"

Adding user "testacc" ...

Password:

test1234

Done. Don't forget to grant the user permissions to some virtual hosts! See 'rabbitmqctl help set_permissions' to learn more.

获取当前用户列表

# rabbitmqctl list_users

Listing users ...

usertags

testacc[]

guest[administrator]

# rabbitmqctl list_users --formatter=json

[

{"user":"testacc","tags":[]}

,{"user":"guest","tags":["administrator"]}

]

删除用户

# rabbitmqctl delete_user 'username'

用户授权

使用rabbitmqctl set_permissions要向虚拟主机中的用户授予权限：

# rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p "custom-vhost" "username" ".*" ".*" ".*"

说明：

第一个 ".*" 表示配置每个实体上的权限(First ".*" for configure permission on every entity)

第二个 ".*" 表示每个实体的写权限(Second ".*" for write permission on every entity)

第二个 ".*" 表示每个实体的读权限(Third ".*" for read permission on every entity)

# rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p "/" "testacc" ".*" ".*" ".*"

Setting permissions for user "testacc" in vhost "/" ...

移除授权

使用rabbitmqctl clear_permissions移除授予给虚拟主机中的用户权限：

# Revokes permissions in a virtual host

rabbitmqctl.bat clear_permissions -p 'custom-vhost' 'username'

参考连接：https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/access-control#user-management

https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/access-control#override-default-user-credentials

设置用户标签

# rabbitmqctl set_user_tags testacc administrator

Setting tags for user "testacc" to [administrator] ...

说明：如果不设置标签，以 testacc 用户登录管理界面时，会提示Not management user

参考连接：

https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/man/rabbitmqctl.8#set_user_tags

https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/management#permissions

登录管理界面

开启mqtt相关插件

<code># rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_mqtt

Enabling plugins on node rabbit@localhost:

rabbitmq_mqtt

The following plugins have been configured:

rabbitmq_management

rabbitmq_management_agent

rabbitmq_mqtt

rabbitmq_web_dispatch

Applying plugin configuration to rabbit@localhost...

The following plugins have been enabled:

rabbitmq_mqtt

参考链接：

https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/mqtt#enabling-plugin

# rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_web_mqtt

Enabling plugins on node rabbit@localhost:

rabbitmq_web_mqtt

The following plugins have been configured:

rabbitmq_management

rabbitmq_management_agent

rabbitmq_mqtt

rabbitmq_web_dispatch

rabbitmq_web_mqtt

Applying plugin configuration to rabbit@localhost...

The following plugins have been enabled:

rabbitmq_web_mqtt

started 1 plugins.

参考链接：https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/web-mqtt#enabling

# rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_web_mqtt_examples

Enabling plugins on node rabbit@localhost:

rabbitmq_web_mqtt_examples

The following plugins have been configured:

rabbitmq_management

rabbitmq_management_agent

rabbitmq_mqtt

rabbitmq_web_dispatch

rabbitmq_web_mqtt

rabbitmq_web_mqtt_examples

Applying plugin configuration to rabbit@localhost...

The following plugins have been enabled:

rabbitmq_web_mqtt_examples

参考链接：https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/web-mqtt#examples

安装后示例插件后，访问 http://主机IP地址:15670，出现类似如下页面