学生管理系统

一、问题描述二、设计需求及分析三、概要设计四、详细设计五、设计功能的实现（C++语言描述）六、实例测试及运行结果七、实现提示八、UML图九、心得体会

一、问题描述

随着大学规模的不断扩大，有关各种学生信息的数据量也不断增大。学生有本科生、研究生和助教博士生，校方需要对这些学生的信息进行计算机管理。所开发的软件应包括各类学生的添加、修改、删除和查找等功能。考虑到软件的可重用性、可扩展性和可维护性，校方决定采用面向对象的程序设计方法来开发系统。学生信息需要以文件方式保存到计算机硬盘中。另外，系统的用户界面应该尽可能友好，方便用户使用。

源文件开源在：https://github.com/fengqianiqan/C-C-studentSystem

二、设计需求及分析

(1) 使用C++语言开发，充分利用面向对象程序设计的类、对象、继承、封装和多态性等 概念来设计和实现该管理系统。

(2) 设计一个Person（人员）类，考虑到通用性，只抽象出所有类型人员都具有的属性：name（姓名）,

id（身份证号），gender（性别），birthday（出生日期）等等。其中“出生日期”为内嵌子对象，是一个Date（日期）类型，Date类具有属性:

year(年)，month（月），day（日）。用成员函数实现对人员信息的录入和显示等必要功能操作。

(3) 从Person类派生出Student（学生）类，添加属性： studentNo（学号），schoolName（学校），classIn

(班级)。从Person类派生出Teacher（教师）类，添加属性：teacherNo（教师编号），schoolName（学校），department（部门）。

(4) 从Student类中派生出UnderGraduate（本科生）类，添加属性：major（专业）。从Student类中派生出Graduate（研究生）类，添加属性：direction（研究方向），adviserName（导师姓名）。

(5) 从Graduate类和Teacher类派生出TＡ（助教博士生）类。 (6) 写程序测试上述各类，看能否正常运行。

(7) 构建必要的辅助类，实现对本科生、研究生和助教博士生的添加、修改、删除、查询管理。

(8) 根据需要定义类的构造函数、析构函数、拷贝构造函数、成员函数。必要时重载函数。

(9) 要求将Person类设置为虚基类，以消除其派生类成员访问的二义性问题（注意在虚基类各级派生类的构造函数实现时调用虚基类的构造函数）。

(10) 要求在Person类中定义虚函数displayDetails（），用于显示当前对象的信息；同时定义虚函数inputData(

)，用于从键盘获取当前对象的信息。Person类所有派生类也要定义同名虚函数，使程序可以实现动态多态性。

(11) 用菜单方式设计主控模块程序。 (12) 对程序源代码要给出各部分的详细注释，这也是该题目的考核重点之一。

(13) 用UML语言描述系统用到的类及其关系。

三、概要设计

（1）//日期类型定义

class Date{private: int year; int month; int day;public: Date(Date &d){year = d.year; month = d.month; day = d.day;} //初始化 ~Date( ){ }; void setYear(int y){year = y;} void setMonth(int m){month = m;} void setDay(int d){day = d;}//修改单个属性 int getYear( ){return year;} int getMonth( ){return month;} int getDay( ){return day;}//修改单个属性 void inputDate(){ cout << "year： "; cin >> year; cout << "month： "; cin >> month; cout << "day： "; cin >> day; }//输入各个属性 void displayDate(){cout << year << "-" << month << "-" << day << endl;}//输出各个属性};

（2）定义人物及其子类

class 人物{protected: idType id[18]; //编号 nameType name[20];//姓名genderType gender[6];//性别属性Type 属性[xxx]; Date birthday;//出生日期public: Person();//人的默认构造方法 Person(char* sname, char* sid, char* sgender, int y, int m, int d); //人的含参构造 ~Person(){}; void set属性名(char* sname){strcpy(name, sname);}//姓名设置 char* getName(){return name;}//获取姓名 virtual void inputData();//输入数据 virtual void displayDetails(); //显示数据};

(3)各类学生的管理系统

class 某类学生Manager{private: int top = 0; 学生Type 学生[100];public: UnderGraduateManager();//读取文件 int queryByNo(string sno); void clearStudent(); int addStudent(UnderGraduate s); int modifyStudent(string sno); int deleteStudent(string sno); int queryStudent(string sno); void displayAll(); void dataManage(); void dataSave(); void dataRead(); ~UnderGraduateManager();//写入文件};

四、详细设计

（1）人类型定义

Person::Person(){//默认构造strcpy(属性, "默认值");基类默认构造（）； birthday = Date(1980, 1, 1);}Person::Person(参数Type 传入参数)：基类构造函数（参数Type 传入参数）{//自定义构造strcpy(属性, "传入值");}void 类名::inputData(){ //修改或输入数据 cout << "name: "; cin >> name; cout << "ID: "; cin >> id;cout << "gender: "; cin >> gender;………… cout << "birthday: " << endl; birthday.inputDate();}void Person::displayDetails(){//输出数据 cout << "属性名： " << 属性 << endl; birthday.displayDate();}

（2）学生管理

某类学生Manager::某类学生Manager(){ //读取数据 dataRead();}void 某类学生Manager::dataRead(){ 某类学生 s; top--;fstream file("文件路径", ios::in); while(1){ file.read((char*)&s, sizeof(s)); if(!file) break; top++; 某类学生[top] = s; } file.close();}

（3）按照序号查询

int 某类学生Manager::queryByNo(string sno){ // 查找，有：返回i， 无： 返回-1 for(int i = 0; i <= top; i++) if(某类学生[i].getStudentNo()==sno) return i; return -1;}

（4）删除学生

void 某类学生Manager::clearStudent(){//停止检索最后一个元素，相当于删除元素 top=-1;}

（5）增加学生

int 某类学生Manager::addStudent(某类学生 s){//若不存在该元素（return -1），则元素数+1，保存至文件 int p = queryByNo(s.getStudentNo()); if(p==-1){ top++; 某类学生[top] = s; dataSave(); return 1; }else{ cout << "existed!" << endl; return 0; }}

（6）修改数据

int 某类学生Manager::modifyStudent(string sno){//若存在该元素（return ！= -1），则修改属性，保存至文件 int p = queryByNo(sno); if(p == -1){ cout << "Not exist!" << endl; return 0; }else{ cout << "please input new detials" << endl; 某类学生[p].inputData(); dataSave(); return 1; }}

（7）删除学生

int 某类学生Manager::deleteStudent(string sno){//删除元素，其他元素前移 int p = queryByNo(sno); if(p == -1){//返回-1为不存在 cout << "Not exist!" << endl; return 0; }else{ for(int i = 0; i < top; i++) 某类学生[i] = 某类学生[i+1]; top--; cout << "Deleted!" << endl; dataSave(); return 1; }}

（8）展示该类所有学生信息

void 某类学生Manager::displayAll(){ for(int i = 0; i <= top; i++){ cout << "The NO." << i << "student's info:" << endl; 某类学生[i].displayDetails(); }}

（9）保存学生信息

void 某类学生Manager::dataSave(){ fstream file("路径名", ios::out);// ! for(int i = 0; i <= top; i++){ file.write((char*)&某类学生[i], sizeof(某类学生[i])); } file.close();}

五、设计功能的实现（C++语言描述）

/*************************************************Copyright (C), File name: main.cppAuthor: Version: 1.0 Date: Description: 应用程序主函数 *************************************************/#include <cstdlib>#include <iostream>#include "date.h"#include "person.h"#include "student.h"#include "teacher.h"#include "undergraduate.h"#include "graduate.h"#include "ta.h"#include "undergraduateManager.h"using namespace std;int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ int choiceN;UndergraduateManager unMan; cout<<"********************************************************"<<endl; cout<<"*|*| |*|*"<<endl; cout<<"*|*| 欢迎您使用学生管理系统 |*|*"<<endl; cout<<"*|*| |*|*"<<endl; cout<<"********************************************************"<<endl; do{ cout << "<---------------------------------------------------->" << endl; cout << " \n \t\t 1:本科生管理 "; cout << " \n \t\t 2:研究生管理 "; cout << " \n \t\t 3.助教博士生管理 "; cout << " \n \t\t 0:离开 "; cout << endl; cout << "<---------------------------------------------------->" << endl; cout << "请选择：" << endl; cin >> choiceN; switch(choiceN) { case 1: unMan.dataManage(); break; case 2: // break; case 3: // break; default: break; } }while(choiceN!=0); cout<<" **********************************************************"<<endl; cout<<"*|*| 感谢使用学生管理系统 |*|*"<<endl; cout<<" **********************************************************\a"<<endl;}/*************************************************Copyright (C), File name: undergraduateManager.hAuthor: Version: 1.0 Date: Description: 本科生管理类 *************************************************/#ifndef UNDERGRADUATE_MANAGER_H#define UNDERGRADUATE_MANAGER_H#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <fstream>#include "undergraduate.h"using namespace std;/* Define a Class : UndergraduateManager 本科生管理类*/class UndergraduateManager { private: int top; //记录指针 Undergraduate undergraduates[100]; //本科生记录 public: UndergraduateManager();//构造函数,将Undergraduate.txt读到undergraduates[]中 int queryByNo(string sno);//按本科生号查找 //找到：返回数组下标//没找到：返回-1 void clearStudent(); //删除所有本科生信息 int addStudent(Undergraduate s); //添加本科生,需要先查找是否存在 int modifyStudent(string sno); //修改学生信息 ,需要先查找是否存在 int deleteStudent(string sno);//删除本科生，删除前先查找其是否存在 int queryStudent(string sno);//查找本科生,查到则显示,否则提示未查到 void displayAll();//输出所有本科生信息 void dataManage(); //本科生库维护 void dataSave(); void dataRead(); ~UndergraduateManager();//析构函数,将undergraduates[]写入Undergraduate.txt文件中};//构造函数,将Undergraduate.txt读到undergraduates[]中 UndergraduateManager::UndergraduateManager() { dataRead(); } //按本科生号查找//找到：返回数组下标//没找到：返回-1 int UndergraduateManager::queryByNo(string sno){ for(int i=0;i<=top;i++) if (undergraduates[i].getStudentNo()==sno) return i; return -1; } //删除所有本科生信息 void UndergraduateManager::clearStudent() { top=-1;}//添加本科生,需要先查找是否存在int UndergraduateManager::addStudent(Undergraduate s) { int p=queryByNo(s.getStudentNo()); if (p==-1) { top++; undergraduates[top]= s; dataSave();//保存 return 1; } else { cout<<"--------->此学生已经存在 !<----------"<<endl<<endl; return 0; }}//修改科生，删除前先查找其是否存在int UndergraduateManager::modifyStudent(string sno) { int p=queryByNo(sno); if (p==-1) { cout<<"--------->此学生不存在 !<----------"<<endl<<endl; return 0; } else { cout << "请输入该生的新信息: " << endl<<endl; undergraduates[p].inputData(); dataSave();//保存 return 1; } }//删除本科生，删除前先查找其是否存在 int UndergraduateManager::deleteStudent(string sno){ int p=queryByNo(sno); if (p==-1) { cout<<"--------->此学生不存在 !<----------"<<endl<<endl; return 0; } else { for(int i = p; i < top ; i++) undergraduates[i]=undergraduates[i+1]; top--; cout << "--------->删除完成!<----------" << endl<<endl; dataSave();//保存 return 1; } }//查找科生int UndergraduateManager::queryStudent(string sno) { int p=queryByNo(sno); if (p==-1) { cout<<"--------->此学生不存在 !<----------"<<endl<<endl; return 0; } else { cout<<"--------->此学生存在:<----------"<<endl<<endl; undergraduates[p].displayDetails(); return 1; }}//输出所有本科生信息void UndergraduateManager::displayAll() { for (int i=0;i<=top;i++) { cout << "--------第"<< i <<"个学生情况----------" << endl<<endl; undergraduates[i].displayDetails(); } }//析构函数,将undergraduates[]写入Undergraduate.txt文件中UndergraduateManager::~UndergraduateManager(){ dataSave();}void UndergraduateManager::dataManage(){ int choice=1; string sstudentNo; Undergraduate s; while (choice!=0) { cout << "********************************************" << endl; cout << "\t\t本科生维护\n"; cout << "^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^" << endl; cout << "\n \t\t 1:新增 "; cout << "\n \t\t 2:修改 "; cout << "\n \t\t 3:删除 "; cout << "\n \t\t 4:查找 "; cout << "\n \t\t 5:显示 "; cout << "\n \t\t 6:全部删除 "; cout << "\n \t\t 0:退出 " ; cout << endl; cout << "*********************************************" << endl; cout << "请选择：" << endl; cin >> choice; switch (choice) { case 1: s.inputData(); addStudent(s); break; case 2: cout << " 请输入学号:"; cin >> sstudentNo; modifyStudent(sstudentNo); break; case 3: cout << " 请输入学号:"; cin >> sstudentNo; deleteStudent(sstudentNo); break; case 4: cout << " 请输入学号:"; cin >> sstudentNo; queryStudent(sstudentNo); break; case 5: displayAll(); break; case 6: clearStudent(); break; default: break; } }}void UndergraduateManager::dataSave()//存储资料函数,将read[]写入Undergraduate.txt文件中{ fstream file("Undergraduate.dat",ios::out); for (int i=0;i<=top;i++) file.write((char *)&undergraduates[i],sizeof(undergraduates[i])); file.close();}void UndergraduateManager::dataRead() //构造函数,将Undergraduate.txt读到read[]中{ Undergraduate s; top=-1; fstream file("Undergraduate.dat",ios::in); while (1) { file.read((char *)&s,sizeof(s)); if (!file) break; top++; undergraduates[top]=s; } file.close();}#endif //UNDERGRADUATE_MANAGER_H/*************************************************Copyright (C), File name: date.hAuthor: Version: 1.0 Date Description: 日期类 *************************************************/#ifndef DATE_H#define DATE_H#include <iostream>using namespace std; /* Define a Class : Date*//* with attributes: year, month, and day, and *//* operations: getYear, getMonth,.... */class Date{ private: int year; int month; int day; public: Date(){year = 0; month = 0; day = 0;} Date(int yy,int mm,int dd){year = yy; month = mm; day = dd;} Date(Date& d){year = d.year; month = d.month; day = d.day;} ~Date(){} void setYear(int yy){ year = yy;} void setMonth(int mm){ month = mm;} void setDay(int dd){ day = dd;} int getYear(){return year;} int getMonth(){return month;} int getDay(){return day;} void inputDate() { cout << "年："; cin >> year; cout << "月: "; cin >> month; cout << "日: "; cin >> day; } void displayDate(){ cout << year << "/" << month << "/" << day << endl; } };#endif //DATE_H/*************************************************Copyright (C), File name: person.hAuthor: Version: 1.0 Date Description: 人员类 *************************************************/#ifndef PERSON_H#define PERSON_H#include <iostream>#include <cstring>#include <string>using namespace std;/* Define a Class : Person *//* with attributes: name, id,gender, birthday *//* operations: getName, getId, and setId. *//* person is the base class *///该类为虚基类 class Person{ protected: char name[20];//姓名 char id[18]; //身份证号 char gender[2];//性别 Date birthday;//出生日期 public: Person(); Person(char* sname, char* sid, char* sgender,int yy,int mm ,int dd); ~Person(){} void setName(char* sname){ strcpy(name,sname); } char* getName(){ return name; } void setId(char* sid){ strcpy(id,sid); } char* getId(){ return id;} void setGender(char* sgender){ strcpy(gender,sgender); } char* getGender(){ return gender; } void setBirthday(Date d){ birthday = d; } Date getBirthday() { return birthday; } virtual void inputData();//输入数据 virtual void displayDetails();//显示数据 };Person::Person(){ strcpy(name,"NA"); strcpy(gender,"男"); strcpy(id,"000"); //注意：这里没有给birthday赋值,系统会调用其默认构造函数 //也可以 //Date d(1980,1,1); //birthday = d; }Person::Person(char* sname, char* sid, char* sgender,int yy,int mm ,int dd):birthday(yy,mm,dd){ strcpy(name,sname); strcpy(id,sid); strcpy(gender,sgender); }void Person::inputData(){ cout << "姓名：" ; cin >> name ; cout << "身份证号：" ; cin >> id ; cout << "性别："; cin >> gender ; cout << "出生日期：" << endl; birthday.inputDate(); }void Person::displayDetails(){ cout << "姓名：" <<name <<endl; cout << "身份证号：" <<id <<endl; cout << "性别：" <<gender<<endl; cout << "出生日期："; birthday.displayDate(); }#endif //PERSON_H/*************************************************Copyright (C), File name: teacher.hAuthor: Version: 1.0 Date: Description: 教师类 *************************************************/#ifndef TEACHER_H#define TEACHER_H#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <cstring>#include "person.h"using namespace std;/* Define a Class : Teacher *//* with attributes: *//* operations: */ class Teacher: virtual public Person{ protected: char teacherNo[5]; //教师编号 char schoolName[20]; //学校名称 char department[20]; //部门 public: Teacher(); Teacher(char* sname, char* sid, char* sgender,int yy,int mm ,int dd ,char* steacherNo,char* sschool,char* sdepartment); ~Teacher(){} void setTeacherNo(char* sno){ strcpy(teacherNo,sno); } char* getTeacherNo(){ return teacherNo;} void setSchoolName(char* sschool){ strcpy(schoolName,sschool); } char* getSchoolName(){ return schoolName; } void setDepartment(char* sdepartment){ strcpy(department,sdepartment); } char* getDepartment(){ return department; } virtual void inputData();//输入数据 virtual void displayDetails();//显示数据 };Teacher::Teacher():Person(){ strcpy(teacherNo,"001"); strcpy(schoolName,"defaultSchoolName"); strcpy(department,"defaultDepartment"); }Teacher::Teacher(char* sname, char* sid, char* sgender,int yy,int mm ,int dd ,char* steacherNo,char* sschool,char* sdepartment) :Person(sname,sid,sgender,yy,mm,dd){ strcpy(teacherNo,steacherNo); strcpy(schoolName,sschool); strcpy(department,sdepartment); }void Teacher::inputData(){ Person::inputData(); cout << "教师编号：" ;cin >> teacherNo ; cout << "学校：" ;cin >> schoolName ; cout << "部门：" ;cin >> department ; }void Teacher::displayDetails(){ Person::displayDetails(); cout << "教师编号：" << teacherNo <<endl; cout << "学校：" << schoolName <<endl; cout << "部门：" << department << endl;}#endif //TEACHER_H#pragma once/*************************************************Copyright (C) File name: student.hAuthor: Version: 1.0 Date: 2022.5.30Description: 学生类*************************************************/#ifndef STUDENT_H#define STUDENT_H#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <cstring>#include "person.h"using namespace std;/* Define a Class : Student *//* with attributes: *//* operations: */class Student : virtual public Person{protected: char studentNo[15]; //学生编号 char schoolName[20]; //学校名称 char classIn[20]; //班级 public: Student(); Student(char* sname, char* sid, char* sgender, int yy, int mm, int dd , char* sstudentNo, char* sschool, char* sclassIn); ~Student() {} void setStudentNo(char* sno) { strcpy_s(studentNo, sno); } char* getStudentNo() { return studentNo; } void setSchoolName(char* sschool) { strcpy_s(schoolName, sschool); } char* getSchoolName() { return schoolName; } void setClassIn(char* sdepartment) { strcpy_s(classIn, sdepartment); } char* getClassIn() { return classIn; } virtual void inputData();//输入数据 virtual void displayDetails();//显示数据 };Student::Student() :Person(){ strcpy_s(studentNo, "001"); strcpy_s(schoolName, "defaultSchoolName"); strcpy_s(classIn, "defaultClassIn");}Student::Student(char* sname, char* sid, char* sgender, int yy, int mm, int dd , char* sstudentNo, char* sschool, char* sclassIn) :Person(sname, sid, sgender, yy, mm, dd){ strcpy_s(studentNo, sstudentNo); strcpy_s(schoolName, sschool); strcpy_s(classIn, sclassIn);}void Student::inputData(){ Person::inputData(); cout << "学生学号："; cin >> studentNo; cout << "学校："; cin >> schoolName; cout << "班级："; cin >> classIn;}void Student::displayDetails(){ Person::displayDetails(); cout << "学生学号：" << studentNo << endl; cout << "学校：" << schoolName << endl; cout << "班级：" << classIn << endl;}#endif //STUDENT_H#pragma once/*************************************************Copyright (C), File name: graduate.hAuthor: Version: 1.0 Date: 2022.5.30Description: 研究生类*************************************************/#ifndef GRADUATE_H#define GRADUATE_H#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <cstring>#include "student.h"using namespace std;/* Define a Class : Graduate *//* with attributes: *//* operations: */class Graduate : virtual public Student{protected: char direction[20]; // 研究方向 char adviserName[20]; // 导师姓名public: Graduate(); Graduate(char* sname, char* sid, char* sgender, int yy, int mm, int dd , char* sstudentNo, char* sschool, char* sclassIn, char* direction ,char* adviserName); ~Graduate() {} void setDirection(char* sno) { strcpy_s(direction, sno); } char* getDirection() { return direction; } void setAdviserName(char* sno) { strcpy_s(adviserName, sno); } char* getAdviserName() { return adviserName; } virtual void inputData();//输入数据 virtual void displayDetails();//显示数据 };Graduate::Graduate() :Student(){ strcpy_s(direction, "defaultDirection"); strcpy_s(adviserName, "defaultAdviserName");}Graduate::Graduate(char* sname, char* sid, char* sgender, int yy, int mm, int dd , char* sstudentNo, char* sschool, char* sclassIn, char* sdirection, char* sadviserName) : Student(sname, sid, sgender, yy, mm, dd, sstudentNo, sschool, sclassIn){ strcpy_s(direction, sdirection); strcpy_s(adviserName, sadviserName);}void Graduate::inputData(){ Student::inputData(); cout << "研究方向："; cin >> direction; cout << "导师姓名："; cin >> adviserName;}void Graduate::displayDetails(){ Student::displayDetails(); cout << "研究方向：" << direction << endl; cout << "导师姓名：" << adviserName << endl;}#endif //GRADUATE_H#pragma once/*************************************************Copyright (C), File name: undergraduate.hAuthor: Version: 1.0 Date: 2022.5.30Description: 本科生类*************************************************/#ifndef UNDERGRADUATE_H#define UNDERGRADUATE_H#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <cstring>#include "student.h"using namespace std;/* Define a Class : Udergraduate *//* with attributes: *//* operations: */class Undergraduate : virtual public Student{protected: char major[20]; // 主修专业public: Undergraduate(); Undergraduate(char* sname, char* sid, char* sgender, int yy, int mm, int dd , char* sstudentNo, char* sschool, char* sclassIn, char* smajor); ~Undergraduate() {} void setMajor(char* sno) { strcpy_s(major, sno); } char* getMajor() { return major; } virtual void inputData();//输入数据 virtual void displayDetails();//显示数据 };Undergraduate::Undergraduate() :Student(){ strcpy_s(major, "defaultMajor");}Undergraduate::Undergraduate(char* sname, char* sid, char* sgender, int yy, int mm, int dd , char* sstudentNo, char* sschool, char* sclassIn, char* smajor) :Student(sname, sid, sgender, yy, mm, dd ,sstudentNo, sschool, sclassIn){ strcpy_s(major, smajor);}void Undergraduate::inputData(){ Student::inputData(); cout << "主修专业："; cin >> major;}void Undergraduate::displayDetails(){ Student::displayDetails(); cout << "主修专业：" << major << endl;}#endif //UNDERGRADUATE_H#pragma once/*************************************************Copyright (C), File name: ta.hAuthor: Version: 1.0 Date: 2022.5.30Description: 助教博士生类*************************************************/#ifndef TA_H#define TA_H#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <cstring>#include"teacher.h"#include"graduate.h"using namespace std;/* Define a Class : Ta *//* with attributes: *//* operations: */class Ta : virtual public Graduate,virtual public Teacher{public: Ta(); Ta(char* sname, char* sid, char* sgender, int yy, int mm, int dd, char* sstudentNo, char* sschool, char* sclassIn, char* sdirection, char* sadviserName, char* steacherNo,char* sdepartment); ~Ta() {} virtual void inputData();//输入数据 virtual void displayDetails();//显示数据 };Ta::Ta() :Graduate(),Teacher(){}Ta::Ta(char* sname, char* sid, char* sgender, int yy, int mm, int dd , char* sstudentNo, char* sschool, char* sclassIn, char* sdirection, char* sadviserName,char* steacherNo, char* sdepartment) : Student(sname, sid, sgender, yy, mm, dd, sstudentNo, sschool, sclassIn){ strcpy_s(teacherNo, steacherNo); strcpy_s(Teacher::schoolName, sschool); strcpy_s(department, sdepartment); strcpy_s(direction, sdirection); strcpy_s(adviserName, sadviserName);}void Ta::inputData(){ Graduate::inputData(); cout << "教师编号："; cin >> teacherNo; //cout << "学校："; cin >> Teacher::schoolName; cout << "部门："; cin >> department;}void Ta::displayDetails(){ Graduate::displayDetails(); cout << "教师编号：" << teacherNo << endl; //cout << "学校：" << Teacher::schoolName << endl; cout << "部门：" << department << endl;}#endif //TA_H

六、实例测试及运行结果

七、实现提示

进入程序主界面后：

输入1：进入本科生管理系统

输入2：进入研究生管理系统

输入3：进入助教博士生管理系统

输入0：退出

八、UML图

九、心得体会

Main程序中：通过一个while循环，识别像目前的序号，实现相应的功能。实例化UndergraduateManager、Graduate Manager、TaManager三个类，对应主函数的switch序号，将实例化对象的dataMAnager函数打出实现本层功能。

UnderGraduateManager类：dataMAnager（）函数用于while switch循环，分别实现新增、删除、修改、查找、显示、全部删除等功能，在本类中构造其他相应的函数实现这些功能，完成本层功能。

Graduate Manager类与上类类似；

TaManager类与上类类似；

其余各个人员类，按照新增的成员和类继承实现相应的构造函数、虚函数inputData、displayData即可。