如何对Linux系统进行基准测试4工具Sysbench

pythontesting 2024-07-14 08:15:00 阅读 100

Sysbench简介

Sysbench是一款多用途基准测试工具,可对CPU、内存、I/O甚至数据库性能进行测试。它是一个基本的命令行工具,提供了直接、简便的系统测试方法。github地址:https://github.com/akopytov/sysbench 。

主要功能:

  • CPU: 衡量CPU执行计算密集型任务的能力。
  • 内存: 衡量内存子系统的性能。
  • 磁盘I/O: 衡量磁盘读写速度。
  • 数据库: 衡量数据库的性能,包括 OLTP(联机事务处理)和TPC-C基准测试。
  • 其他: Sysbench还支持其他类型的测试,例如线程性能和网络延迟。

Sysbench的主要特点包括:

  • 开源: Sysbench 是一个开源软件,可以免费使用和修改。
  • 跨平台: Sysbench 支持多种操作系统,包括 Linux、Windows、macOS 和 Solaris。
  • 多线程: Sysbench 支持多线程测试,可以充分利用多核 CPU 的性能。
  • 模块化: Sysbench 的架构是模块化的,可以扩展支持新的测试类型和功能。
  • 易用性: Sysbench 提供命令行界面和 Lua 脚本支持,易于使用和配置。

Sysbench 常用于以下场景:

  • 性能测试: 评估系统的性能瓶颈并进行优化。
  • 数据库性能测试: 衡量数据库的性能并与其他数据库进行比较。
  • 硬件评估: 评估新硬件的性能。
  • 容量规划: 规划系统的容量以满足未来的需求。

源码:https://github.com/akopytov/sysbench

安装Sysbench

首先在系统上安装Sysbench。大多数发行版软件源都提供了它:

<code># Ubuntu/Debian

$ sudo apt install sysbench

# Fedora

# dnf install sysbench

# CentOS

# yum install sysbench

# OpenSUSE

# zypper in sysbench

CPU基准测试

$ sysbench cpu --cpu-max-prime=2000 run

sysbench 1.0.20 (using system LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3)

Running the test with following options:

Number of threads: 1

Initializing random number generator from current time

Prime numbers limit: 2000

Initializing worker threads...

Threads started!

CPU speed:

events per second: 22757.61

General statistics:

total time: 10.0001s

total number of events: 227609

Latency (ms):

min: 0.04

avg: 0.04

max: 0.12

95th percentile: 0.04

sum: 9968.18

Threads fairness:

events (avg/stddev): 227609.0000/0.00

execution time (avg/stddev): 9.9682/0.00

虽然会生成包含大量统计数据的报告,但 CPU 基准测试的主要内容是"General statistics"下的"total time"。

  • 其他命令:

$ sysbench cpu run

$ sysbench cpu --threads=40 run # 默认为单线程

#在检查 CPU 在重负载下的性能时,可使用命令将 CPU 的最大质数限制从 "10000 "扩展到 "15000":

$ sysbench --test=cpu --cpu-max-prime=15000 run

# 帮助

$ sysbench cpu help

sysbench 1.0.20 (using system LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3)

cpu options:

--cpu-max-prime=N upper limit for primes generator [10000]

内存基准测试

$ sysbench memory --threads=2 run

sysbench 1.0.20 (using system LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3)

Running the test with following options:

Number of threads: 2

Initializing random number generator from current time

Running memory speed test with the following options:

block size: 1KiB

total size: 102400MiB

operation: write

scope: global

Initializing worker threads...

Threads started!

Total operations: 28555430 (2855143.49 per second)

27886.16 MiB transferred (2788.23 MiB/sec)

General statistics:

total time: 10.0001s

total number of events: 28555430

Latency (ms):

min: 0.00

avg: 0.00

max: 0.03

95th percentile: 0.00

sum: 12842.67

Threads fairness:

events (avg/stddev): 14277715.0000/1030637.00

execution time (avg/stddev): 6.4213/0.10

这里有两点需要考虑:"Total operations"和"transferred"。

  • 其他命令:

$ sysbench memory run

$ sysbench memory --memory-oper=write run # 默认为读

# 要测试特定条件下的内存,例如将内存块大小从默认的 "1KiB "提高到 "1M",同时保持总内存容量为 "8GB"

$ sysbench --test=memory --memory-block-size=1M --memory-total-size=8G run

参考资料

  • 软件测试精品书籍文档下载持续更新 https://github.com/china-testing/python-testing-examples 请点赞,谢谢!
  • 本文涉及的python测试开发库 谢谢点赞! https://github.com/china-testing/python_cn_resouce
  • python精品书籍下载 https://github.com/china-testing/python_cn_resouce/blob/main/python_good_books.md
  • Linux精品书籍下载 https://www.cnblogs.com/testing-/p/17438558.html
  • https://linuxtechlab.com/benchmark-linux-systems-install-sysbench-tool/
  • https://webhostinggeeks.com/howto/how-to-setup-sysbench-for-cpu-and-memory-benchmarking-on-a-linux-machine/
  • https://vegastack.com/tutorials/how-to-use-sysbench-for-linux-performance-testing/

IO基准测试

在Linux系统上执行IO基准测试时,我们必须先创建一些测试文件。要创建测试文件,请使用以下命令:

<code>$ sysbench --test=fileio --file-total-size=100G prepare

WARNING: the --test option is deprecated. You can pass a script name or path on the command line without any options.

sysbench 1.0.20 (using system LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3)

128 files, 819200Kb each, 102400Mb total

Creating files for the test...

Extra file open flags: (none)

Extending existing file test_file.0

...

Extending existing file test_file.127

53687091200 bytes written in 94.39 seconds (542.44 MiB/sec).

请确保选择的测试文件大小大于内存容量,这样IO进程才不会受到内存操作的影响。创建测试文件将根据所选大小花费一些时间。创建测试文件后,运行以下命令开始基准测试:

$ sysbench --test=fileio --file-total-size=100G --file-test-mode=rndrw --max-time=300 --max-requests=0 run

WARNING: the --test option is deprecated. You can pass a script name or path on the command line without any options.

WARNING: --max-time is deprecated, use --time instead

sysbench 1.0.20 (using system LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3)

Running the test with following options:

Number of threads: 1

Initializing random number generator from current time

Extra file open flags: (none)

128 files, 800MiB each

100GiB total file size

Block size 16KiB

Number of IO requests: 0

Read/Write ratio for combined random IO test: 1.50

Periodic FSYNC enabled, calling fsync() each 100 requests.

Calling fsync() at the end of test, Enabled.

Using synchronous I/O mode

Doing random r/w test

Initializing worker threads...

Threads started!

File operations:

reads/s: 1101.01

writes/s: 734.01

fsyncs/s: 2348.98

Throughput:

read, MiB/s: 17.20

written, MiB/s: 11.47

General statistics:

total time: 300.0508s

total number of events: 1255287

Latency (ms):

min: 0.00

avg: 0.24

max: 2154.60

95th percentile: 0.46

sum: 299665.82

Threads fairness:

events (avg/stddev): 1255287.0000/0.00

execution time (avg/stddev): 299.6658/0.00

文件清理:

$ sysbench --test=fileio --file-total-size=100G cleanup

WARNING: the --test option is deprecated. You can pass a script name or path on the command line without any options.

sysbench 1.0.20 (using system LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3)

Removing test files...

Mysql基准测试

要对mysql进行基准测试,我们首先要在名为"test"的数据库中创建一个有50000 的表,使用以下命令

$ sysbench --test=oltp –oltp-table-size=50000 --mysql-db=test --mysql-user=root --mysql-password=passwd prepare

操作完成后,执行以下命令启动 Mysql Bechmarking:

$ sysbench --test=oltp --oltp-table-size=500000 --mysql-db=test --mysql-user=root --mysql-password=yourrootsqlpassword --max-time=60 --oltp-read-only=on --max-requests=0 --num-threads=8 run

No DB drivers specified, using mysql

Running the test with following options:

Number of threads: 8

Doing OLTP test.

Running mixed OLTP test

Doing read-only test

Using Special distribution (12 iterations, 1 pct of values are returned in 75 pct cases)

Using "BEGIN" for starting transactions

Using auto_inc on the id column

Threads started!

Time limit exceeded, exiting...

(last message repeated 7 times)

Done.

OLTP test statistics:

queries performed:

read: 2253860

write: 0

other: 321980

total: 2575840

transactions: 160990 (2683.06 per sec.)

deadlocks: 0 (0.00 per sec.)

read/write requests: 2253860 (37562.81 per sec.)

other operations: 321980 (5366.12 per sec.)

Test execution summary:

total time: 60.0024s

total number of events: 160990

total time taken by event execution: 479.3419

per-request statistics:

min: 0.81ms

avg: 2.98ms

max: 3283.40ms

approx. 95 percentile: 4.62ms

Threads fairness:

events (avg/stddev): 20123.7500/63.52

execution time (avg/stddev): 59.9177/0.00

Main parameter to check here is 'transactions per second'

transactions: 160990 (2683.06 per sec.)

测试数据清理:

$ sysbench --test=oltp --mysql-db=test --mysql-user=root --mysql-password=yourrootsqlpassword cleanup

结果解读

总时间越短,表明系统性能越好,尤其是在比较类似测试时。不过必须将这一指标与其他指标结合起来考虑,因为测试时间越短,错误率越高,并不代表性能越好。

Ops/sec是系统吞吐量的直接指标。ops/sec值越高,通常意味着系统在给定时间内可以处理的操作越多,性能越好。例如,如果您运行的是数据库服务器,较高的ops/sec表示您的服务器每秒可以处理更多的查询,从而为最终用户带来更快的响应时间。

延迟对用户体验至关重要。较低的延迟意味着更快地完成操作,这对于视频流或在线游戏等需要实时响应的任务尤为重要。如果您正在托管一个网站,较低的延迟可以加快页面加载时间,提升用户体验。



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